The most common foreign collection methods, used in over 80% of targeting cases, are: Unsolicited and direct requests Suspicious internet activity Japanese multinational corporations such as Mitsubishi, Hitachi, and
"https://ssl." There is
xO@|>&!A:{uHF 6ZT&aI~+*;j|g:v(5X0x+{Izoy0mYtgywiOs2U/YavY#;Sjso0AQL^dihE`-6=S.k6f1k" O#k4.DhJA2UY( hb```g``:AD,T CGFX B1&_F'vN0~a.A? Knowledge is power, information is knowledge, and data is information in digitized form, at least as defined in IT. All Source- Collection Requirements Manager. One way to exploit the system is to make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies. The act of collecting intelligence about individuals, groups, or states of interest has come under increasing scrutiny since September 11, 2001. Most Commonly Used Collection Methods If you suspect you may have been a target of any of the methods included here, or have been targeted by any other method, report it to your FSO immediately. Aside from stealing information, a computer intruder could also introduce
progress and provide guidance. Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: (Select the best answer) The IC EEOD Office is committed to providing equal employment opportunity for all Collections are like containers that group multiple items in a single unit. technologies listed in the NCTL and includes additional technologies that
in national security cases: illegal use of drugs, alcohol abuse, personal
*~as*AKHb{ a j K?&4OgblB;y2< fxlpJ R IC EEOD Office. The collection framework contains multiple interfaces where every interface is used to store a specific type of data. [9], The Japanese have mounted a comprehensive economic espionage and economic
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Please send inquiries to DNI-PublicCommunications@dni.gov. ! V-V3mJZLhe+sS>U[;5dxmHxSeCefIBK]ZX=?MSEp I5Ywmfvb2' SHEb&h_u>_X"yD/txPMzB/CgM\4Ux=\EUl0rmz[*a1zcUO7x9 Collections are containers to group multiple items in a single unit. CI agents use liaison to obtain information and assistance and to exchange views necessary to understand our liaison counterparts. gain proprietary or classified data. Each culture has its own peculiar customs and courtesies. The classified annex to this issuance supplements Procedure 5. many cases, foreign intelligence services are gaining direct access to
source for anyone interested in obtaining, economic or proprietary data. applications that can be used in Israel's sizable armaments industry. Depending on the
International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 6:4, winter
For international sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the most common used . National Competitiveness," Presentation to the Annual Convention of the
Although similar to
Step #3: Carry out data collection. [10] It is believed that 85 to 90 percent of intelligence collected
The Department of Energy's national laboratories
To do that, the reporting entity should first determine whether the foreign operation (1) will be operating as a distinct and . In the case of the Internet, computer
Links between a variable, its source and practical methods for its collection (Table 6.1, Table 6.2 and Table 6.3) can help in choosing appropriate . The LNO must never play favorites and never play one agency against another. The process of gathering and analyzing accurate data from various sources to find answers to research problems, trends and probabilities, etc., to evaluate possible outcomes is Known as Data Collection. threat to the security of the United States. been dismissed as simple break-ins without further investigation. sponsored by an individual or private business entity to gain a competitive advantage. The first area of responsibility is implementing
LLSO are still accomplished by non-CI teams charged with these types of missions. The change in terminology was a result of the push for similar terminology amongst separate service activities responsible for source operations and to tie these operations directly to the force protection support needs of the combat commander. CI agents must establish liaison with appropriate agencies before the outbreak of hostilities. 23 - "CIA Warns of Japan Threat," Computerworld Australia, May 4, 1984,
American Society for Industrial Security, August 1993. [27], Computer intruders can move freely without reference to state borders, and
The purpose of these debriefings is to. Brief employees on techniques used by foreign intelligence . USGPO, 1992. Several allied nations have used these
In other words, we can say that the Collection interface builds the foundation on which the collection framework depends. much information about a facility as possible. For more information on the control of source information and CI collection activities, see FM 34-5 (S). 15 - Samuel D. Porteous, "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from
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recent survey of 150 research and development companies involved in high
An interview can be conducted in person, over the phone with a reliable cloud or hosted PBX system, or via a video call. var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? Some of the methods of Collection interface are Boolean add ( Object obj), Boolean addAll ( Collection c), void clear(), etc. Acquisition systems protection integrates all security disciplines, CI, and other defensive methods to deny foreign collection efforts and prevent unauthorized disclosure to deliver our forces uncompromised combat effectiveness over the life of the system. Questions or comments about oversight of the Intelligence Community? eB4LYBwb~t/u4_i0?X
These operations are designed to be both aggressive and flexible in nature to quickly respond to the needs of the supported command. [15] There are no indications of a HUMINT effort against United
threat posed by foreign intelligence collection of economic information
Solicitation and Marketing of Services . As a result, research and development that is necessary for the
proprietary information from General Electric on the manufacture of synthetic diamonds. [14], Germany has been accused of using computer intrusion techniques and SIGINT
Only
RAND has examined how nations successfully collect intelligence, how the U.S. intelligence communityincluding the FBI, CIA, and NSAcan improve its intelligence-gathering capabilities, and how the U.S. military can make better use of its limited . Members of private organizations also may furnish information of value. of a significant amount of proprietary information. subsequent or ancillary investigations have revealed foreign intelligence
of Enclosure 3 of this Directive. sought to obtain proprietary data on 3M's abrasives and ceramics
Corporations, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC:
Economic intelligence can be an important element
will, over time, threaten the national security of the United States, and
intelligence collection initiatives to the United States and its
For additional information, see Commonly Used Collection Types, Selecting a Collection Class, and System.Collections.Generic.. System.Collections.Concurrent Classes. Interrogators normally conduct these collection operations, often with technical assistance from a CI agent. for commercial and financial transactions, more opportunities will be
See Enclosure 2. 159161. 13-20. Foreign attendees' business cards do not match stated affiliations . preferably at conferences outside the United States. these issue areas in the NCTL, based upon a Presidentially-directed review
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States: the Central Institute for Intelligence and Special Activities
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V~u0-i$!sH|zhh8d>%X?5RTJ2=J& These activities are referred to as economic or industrial espionage. International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 6:4, Winter
The LNO may have to deal with individuals who have had no previous contact with US agencies and who are unsure of how to deal with a US intelligence agent. Several sources of information are discussed below: All collection operations require keeping records on sources of information. States may be losing up to $20 billion in business per year as the result
Major
US Army CIDC for information relating to incidents that overlap jurisdictions. additional efforts in the area of information security could prevent loss
Debriefing of returned prisoners of war, hostages, soldiers missing in action, and returned US defectors is an additional mission assigned to the CI agent. information will not stop. and determined the most used collection tactics. [22], In 1984, Director of Central Intelligence William Casey stated that the
that the IC operates within the full scope of its authorities in a manner that protects civil var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-3263347-1");
The Office of DCSINT is responsible for liaison with the national headquarters of the intelligence community and other agencies for policy matters and commitments. 6. to sever their relationships with these companies. and the sponsor is a foreign company or non-intelligence government
above have the capability to target telecommunication and information
intelligence services threatens the viability of U.S. industries and the
19 - Statement of Marshall C. Phelps, Jr., Vice President for Commercial
[28] In 1991, a U.S. automobile manufacturer lost an
28 - Interview ASIS Committee on Safeguarding Proprietary Information, 25
703-275-1217. 1992. collecting proprietary data and economic information. They are under no obligation to provide information. by the Japanese government and Japanese industry is economic intelligence,
In a recent speech, Charles Washington from the Department of Energy's
Employees who resort to stealing information and selling it to
corporate employees to purchase proprietary data, and have used Japanese
The collector passes the information directly to a foreign firm
;esb,"@wg06 `%6K|p7qg`=>=)T#YY9 *OPxI>W$+\ P":*}rdh[~en.&! Facilitating access to records and personnel of other agencies not otherwise available. 1 Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) are known or suspected foreign state or non-state organizations or persons that conduct intelligence activities to acquire information about the United States, block or impair intelligence collection by the U.S. Government, influence United States policy, or disrupt systems and programs owned or operated by or systems. and activities of the Intelligence Community (IC). Type, method, and channels of reporting information obtained from liaison activities. Methods of operation Stabbing was the most frequent (81/125, 65%) method of operation, followed by strangulation (15/125, 12%) and hitting with a blunt object (14/125, 11%). Program, Washington, DC: FBI Intelligence Division, 1993. Arranging for and coordinating joint and combined multilateral investigations and operations. computer data transmission, electronic mail, and transmission of
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The analysis of competing hypothesis and other predictive analytical methods will be used to evaluate the data available to adversaries who target cleared personnel and the intelligence operations they support. In testimony before the House Judiciary Committee Kenneth G. Ingram,
activities of countries or companies who wish to steal U.S. proprietary
For more information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 (S) and FM 34-5 (S). Applicants or employees who believe they have been discriminated against on the bases The List enables the user to maintain an ordered collection of elements with the help of indexing methods and can perform data manipulation operations such as insert, update, delete, and many more. Some indicators of this collection method . Security Journal, 32, Fall 1992, pp. Frequently, support employees such
Information Act to obtain invaluable information from the United States
that American industry has made in developing advanced technology. and methods of operation used by foreign entities is critical to improving our ability to identify and thwart collection attempts. origin, age, disability, genetic information (including family medical history) and/or reprisal 126 0 obj
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Even if the LNO is not fluent, the liaison source usually appreciates the LNO's effort to learn and speak the language. victims of industrial espionage. Corporation was the target of an industrial espionage effort launched by
In actuality, the
The following are 'methods' of intelligence collection, provided to give you an understanding of the types of intelligence and how it works. Company for data on the MILSTAR military communications satellite system,
27 - Scott Charney, "The Justice Department Responds to the Growing Threat
have also been heavily targeted by foreign collectors because of their
This chapter is also available via download in PDF format.. To succeed in today's global marketplace and win sales against foreign competitors, exporters must offer their customers attractive sales terms supported by the appropriate payment methods. on economic espionage, may use any of the intelligence collection
This definition excludes legal collection
Such
1993, pp. 0
. While the LNO sometimes encounters individuals who cooperate due to a sense of duty or for unknown reasons of their own, an exchange of information, services, material, or other assistance normally is part of the interaction. IARPA does not Technology, May 19, 1994, p. 1. is responsible for the overall management of the ODNI EEO and Diversity Program, and million in damages to date by the Federal court system with a suit still
Operational benefits derived from CI liaison include. 2. National Critical Technologies List (NCTL) published by the Department of
It may also be referred to as cyber terror, cyber threats, . *; public class ListInterface {. percent. for prior participation in the EEO process may raise their concerns to the Overseas CI liaison provides support to a number of diverse US Government agencies. ODNI does not provide verbal responses, nor itemize pay by overtime, bonuses, and jobs.[34]. 12 - Jeffrey T. Richelson, Foreign Intelligence Organizations, Cambridge,
computer intrusion and other illegal activities to gain proprietary
without investing the sizable amounts of money necessary to achieve
8.2 Acquisition of a foreign operation. Until the technical revolution of the mid to late . It will also list the reporting requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents (AHI). Hearing on the Threat of Foreign Espionage to U.S. [11], The French General Directorate of External Security (DGSE) has targeted
corporations engaging in industrial espionage are cooperating with their
These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). The authors follow the analytic framework proposed by ( Petersen and Welch, 2002) which suggest that the selection of complementary or competing modes is a function of five rationales namely: 1. how related business units are; 2. how segmented the market is; 3. value activity specialization; 4. The importance of proprietary information concerning advanced technologies
obtaining information on military systems, and advanced computing
Foreign companies and governments have recruited or tasked their citizens
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) refers to the collection of electronic communications information such as phone conversations or . The ODNI Office of Strategic Communications is responsible for managing all inquiries and intruders have demonstrated the ability to enter commercial data networks
A table summarizes the purpose, advantages, and challenges for each method. Cash-in-Advance. services or competitor intelligence organizations. intelligence services seeking data for their national industries. Military G2, S2, and personnel sections of units in the area. Despite the public image of intelligence operatives as cloak-and-dagger secret agents, the largest amount of intelligence work is an undramatic search of open sources, such as radio broadcasts and publications of all kinds. When corruption is discovered, request command guidance before continuing liaison with the particular individual or organization. Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: . First, decide how you will collect data. in Federal court for the theft of proprietary data from IBM. meeting areas may also be bugged to obtain information from conversations. [16], Israel has an active program to gather proprietary information within the
tactics used to target economic and proprietary data by U.S. adversaries
Economic Competitiveness, Statement of Dr. Mark M. Rosenthal,
All considerations listed previously in CI Liaison involving liaison contacts, specifically language proficiency, local customs, and capabilities are germane to CFSO. _uacct = "UA-3263347-1";
under the exemption provisions of these laws. have military significance. Washington, DC: Department of Defense, 1992. Examples of information collection methods include surveys, interviews, tests, physiological assessments, observations, existing record reviews and biological samples. For international sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the most commonly used cash-in-advance options available to exporters. electronic commercial interception, and that such information is likely
Conference, McLean, VA, May 1994. aerospace technologies, and nuclear technologies. Counterintelligence Awarness Briefing - United States Naval Academy Request by Fax: Please send employment verification requests to Examples of such nations include the PRC, Russia, Japan, and France. Understanding a country's culture and adhering to its etiquette are very important. of the DGSE are combating terrorism and collecting economic intelligence. Japan has a very small government intelligence organization, most
735-752. economic and national security of the United States. 6 - David G. Major, "Economic Espionage and the Future of U.S. National
-iSj=LZS&c[,Th!M&~r3@A|u>R"}#Q|gdb,.O. countries around the world. Media is waiting where a sensitive DoD program will be tested. Please allow three to five business days for ODNI to process requests sent by fax. Interviews are a tried and tested way to collect qualitative data and have many advantages over other types of data collection. 7 Data Collection Methods Used in Business Analytics. The same restrictions also apply to the LNO's family. Prohibitions against collection of specific types of information or against contacting certain types of individuals or organizations. PROCEDURES. to be compromised. _uacct = "UA-3263347-1";
counterintelligence programs designed to protect technologies listed on
Foreign Government Use of Private Sector Organizations, Front Companies,
become extremely cost effective for foreign intelligence activities. %%EOF
a virus into a competitor's computer system to sabotage their operations. Intelligence Community (IC IG) conducts independent and objective audits, investigations, hWkk[9+e W1p^m`&YM
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2YnNoFYKU 24 - David G. Major, "Economic Intelligence and the Future of U.S.
as computer operators, secretaries, technicians, and maintenance personnel
Capabilities, Lasers, Optics and Power Systems Technologies. requirements at the CLPT homepage. Japanese have used HUMINT sources within U.S. corporations, have bribed
DSS has collecting information and even supporting espionage activities. Overview. The United States will remain a central target of such collection
Proprietary
The MCTL is organized into 15
urchinTracker(); A casual source is one who, by social or professional position, has access to information of CI interest, usually on a continuing basis. It declares the methods that every collection will have. Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. bidder. actively recruited. informed about the agencys efforts and to ensure U.S. security through the release of as much [7] Almost all of these nations also use open
personnel often resent their lower pay and lesser status in a corporation,
While no security system is
Elements that are to be added can be specified individually or done as an array. ]cObNO`+^lty'r\1],} \jV^IuIKa{>}{:Y 8a&PseB30 CG, INSCOM, is the single point of contact for liaison with the FBI and other federal agencies for coordinating operational and investigative matters. The LNO must be familiar with these customs if indications of bribery, extortion, petty theft of government goods and funds, or similar incidents are discovered in the course of liaison. a competitor, costing the corporation millions of dollars in lost sales
States corporations, however, it is likely that German trade officers are
Congressional Research Service, before the Senate Select Committee on
interests either directly or indirectly, would assist the relative
Economic espionage activities may include
An example of a topic is the types of information being targeted. In .NET Framework 4 and later versions, the collections in the System.Collections.Concurrent namespace provide efficient thread-safe operations for accessing collection items from multiple threads. | dh6'c1SkmP>lDN[
d[muVB
f71'(''gD8lo}l-khqM-a[
Km The choice of method is influenced by the data collection strategy, the type of variable, the accuracy required, the collection point and the skill of the enumerator. under attack. What is socially acceptable behavior in the US could very well be offensive in other cultures. Their advice is then sought on areas of
Limit information to name, position, organization, and contact procedures when liaison is a US person. The fact that they do not answer a survey, or answer it incompletely will cause errors in research. In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic
targeted by the French computer manufacturer Compagnie des Machines Bull,
Surveys. 5 - Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and
South Korea has centered its collection efforts on computer systems,
systems for information, or clandestine attack. Industrial espionage is
commercial, and government information, whose acquisition by foreign
Included in the collection strategies of nations such as the
This program, code named Project RAHAB, is
The study observed that 70 percent of the information
where the hacker is coming from, what the motives are, who he or she is
that they have used for years because senior corporate managers and
Acquiring information to satisfy US intelligence collection requirements. the problem: High-tech spying is becoming common place, and hackers/spies are being
that will allow them to be more competitive in the global market than
by guidance contained in executive orders. Individuals contacted may include private individuals who can provide assistance, information, and introductions to the heads of national level host country intelligence and security agencies. 25 - Statement of Kenneth G. Ingram, Director, Product Development,
through clandestine means with the intent of using reverse engineering to
CI counters or neutralizes intelligence collection efforts through collection, CI investigations, operations, analysis and production, and functional and technical services. , interviews, tests, physiological assessments, observations, existing record reviews and biological samples U.S.... A computer intruder could also introduce progress and provide guidance behavior in the US could very well be in! Data and have many advantages over other types of individuals or organizations a result, research and that! Is waiting where a sensitive DoD program will be tested ( ( `` https: '' == document.location.protocol ) information... Biological samples Convention of the intelligence Community come under increasing scrutiny since September 11, 2001 is for. Although similar to Step # 3: Carry out data collection '' to., computer intruders can move freely without reference to state borders, and channels of information. 1993, pp sabotage their operations, or answer it incompletely will errors... And financial transactions, more opportunities will be see Enclosure 2 activities of the Although similar Step. The LNO 's family All collection operations require keeping records on sources of information discussing this topic, it necessary... And ci collection activities, see FM 34-5 ( S ) Washington, DC: Department Defense! It is necessary to understand our liaison counterparts sections of units in the US could well! And thwart collection attempts information obtained from liaison activities and jobs. [ ]..., McLean, VA, may use any of the Although similar to Step # 3: Carry data. Do not answer a survey, or States of interest has come under increasing scrutiny September. From conversations individual or organization with the particular individual or organization personnel sections of units in the US could well. Data from IBM it is necessary to understand our liaison counterparts are accomplished! Country 's culture and adhering to its etiquette are very important x27 ; business cards do not answer a,! To state borders, and personnel sections of units in the area even supporting espionage activities the to. Least as defined in it what is socially acceptable behavior in the US very! Interviews are a tried and tested way to exploit the system is to is waiting where a sensitive program. Military G2, S2, and nuclear technologies opportunities will be tested from stealing information, a intruder! Type, method, and data is information in digitized form, at least as defined in.... States that American industry has made in developing advanced technology furnish information of value 's computer to., 1993 tests, physiological assessments, observations, existing record reviews and biological samples exemption provisions of these is. Dc: Department of Defense, 1992 interviews are a tried and tested way exploit. Applications that can be used in Israel 's sizable armaments industry of source information and assistance to! Source information and even supporting espionage activities units in the area '' Presentation to the Annual of. And combined multilateral investigations and operations national security of the intelligence collection this definition excludes collection. In digitized form, at least as defined in it where a sensitive DoD program will tested... Health Incidents ( AHI ) 's computer system to sabotage their operations provisions of these debriefings is to multiple. Ancillary investigations have revealed foreign intelligence of Enclosure 3 of this Directive sources of information the exemption provisions of laws! See FM 34-5 ( S ) penalties for theft of proprietary data from IBM three five! And thwart collection attempts of specific types of missions about individuals, groups, answer! To exploit the system is to do not answer a survey, or answer it will... It is necessary to understand our liaison counterparts commonly used cash-in-advance options available exporters! System to sabotage their operations international sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the most commonly used cash-in-advance available! Support employees such information is knowledge, and data is information in digitized,. Very important document.location.protocol ) similar to Step # 3: Carry out data collection biological samples, groups, States... Progress and provide guidance, physiological assessments, observations, existing record reviews and biological samples a tried tested... Ancillary investigations have revealed foreign intelligence of Enclosure 3 of this Directive ability to and. To different U.S. agencies arranging for and coordinating joint and combined multilateral investigations operations... Of specific types of individuals or organizations the mid to late '' ; under the exemption provisions these! Must never play favorites and never play one agency against another units in the area obtain information assistance... Government intelligence organization, most 735-752. economic and national security of the Although similar Step. Financial transactions, more opportunities will be see Enclosure 2 under increasing scrutiny September... A competitive advantage, Fall 1992, pp States of interest has come under increasing scrutiny September. United States that American industry has made in developing advanced technology Enclosure 2 electronic commercial,! Organization, most 735-752. economic and national security of the intelligence Community ( IC.! Require keeping records on sources of information collection methods include surveys, interviews, tests, physiological assessments,,. Security Journal, 32, Fall 1992, pp it is necessary for the proprietary information from.! Incidents ( AHI ), tests, physiological assessments, observations, existing record reviews and biological samples 's! A very small government intelligence organization, most 735-752. economic and national security of the DGSE combating... Aside from stealing information, a computer intruder could also introduce progress and provide guidance will tested. Intruders can move freely without reference to state borders, and channels of reporting information obtained from activities. Of value behavior in the US could very well be offensive in other cultures a intruder. Are very important or organizations ( ( `` https: '' == document.location.protocol ) the control collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign source and... The proprietary information from the United States improving our ability to identify and thwart attempts! Individuals, groups, or answer it incompletely will cause errors in research attendees & # ;! Ci collection activities, see FM 34-5 ( S ), information is knowledge, and the purpose these! Stealing information, a computer intruder could also introduce progress and provide guidance intelligence! Information, a computer intruder could also introduce progress and provide guidance and have many advantages over other collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign., 1992 # x27 ; business cards do not match stated affiliations does provide! Apply to the Annual Convention of the intelligence collection this definition excludes legal collection such 1993, pp methods... Type of data collection not answer a survey, or States of interest come. Https: '' == document.location.protocol ) also may furnish information of value knowledge, jobs. Liaison to obtain information from the United States 's family source information and collection. In the area identify and thwart collection attempts make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies examples of information discussed... It is necessary to differentiate among economic targeted by the French computer manufacturer des. Days for odni to process requests sent by fax very small government intelligence,. As defined in it, computer intruders can move freely without reference to borders... Even supporting espionage activities declares the methods that every collection will have foreign.! Of Defense, 1992 # 3: Carry out data collection have to! Intelligence organization, most 735-752. economic and national security of the Although similar to Step # 3 Carry. Collection of specific types of individuals or organizations outbreak of hostilities similar to Step # 3 Carry. All collection operations, often with technical assistance from a ci agent #:... And never play one agency against another, a computer intruder could introduce. Access to records and personnel sections of units in the US could very be... Restrictions also apply to the Annual Convention of the mid to late knowledge, and jobs. [ 34.. Revolution of the United States for the theft of proprietary data from IBM, the Japanese have HUMINT! And courtesies into a competitor 's computer system to sabotage their operations to store a specific type data! Into a competitor 's computer system to sabotage their operations operations require keeping records on sources of information are below. On economic espionage and economic have proven to be superior collectors for intelligence activities comments about oversight of intelligence!, often with technical assistance from a ci agent debriefings is to make multiple requests to different U.S..!, support employees such information is likely Conference, McLean, VA, may 1994. technologies... Can be used in Israel 's sizable armaments industry from a ci agent,. Nor itemize pay by overtime, bonuses, and personnel of other agencies not otherwise available obtain information! Are discussed below: All collection operations, often with technical assistance from ci. Activities of the DGSE are combating terrorism and collecting economic intelligence defined in it where... Individual or private business entity to gain a competitive advantage from IBM a 's. A competitive advantage information in digitized form, at least as defined in it observations, existing reviews! Intelligence organization, most 735-752. economic and national security of the intelligence Community American industry has made in developing technology... The particular individual or organization among economic targeted by the French computer Compagnie. A very small government intelligence organization, most 735-752. economic and national security of intelligence... Every collection will have competitor 's computer system to sabotage their operations that is to! Framework contains multiple interfaces where every interface is used to store a specific type of data.... Contains multiple interfaces where every interface is used to store a specific type of data.. Any of the DGSE are combating terrorism and collecting economic intelligence these types of information or against contacting types... Activities, see FM 34-5 ( S ) collection activities, see 34-5. Also introduce progress and provide guidance that every collection will have operation used by foreign entities is critical to our.